Not necessarily. I did read what you posted and based on your symptoms, it still could be an issue with with parameters 1 and 3 swapped in an outdated device handler.
BTW, all my associations are working with proper LED sync and matching dim/ramp rates (after the device handler was fixed regarding params 1 and 3)
Associated devices use zwave commands to communicate with each other and, as you know, zwave dim/ramp rates can be set differently than local dim/ramp rates. Its perfectly understandable that local dimming/ramping works differently than zwave command/association since there are different settings for each.
You stated that you have local and zwave ramp set the same, but that is assuming parameters 1 and 3 are not swapped in the device handler. Your symptoms sound A LOT like the issue I documented in this post from last year:
Consider your scenario IF parameters 1 and 3 were swapped. Local controls (params 2 and 4) work as expected (which you have confirmed) but zwave commands (and associations) dim/ramp opposite of expected (params 1 and 3 swapped)
You have parameter 1 (zwave dim rate) set to 3 and parameter 3 (zwave ramp rate) set to 0. When 1 and 3 are swapped in the device handler (the issue I documented last year) then what you get is zwave dim rate of 0 and zwave ramp rate of 3 - which sounds like what you are seeing.
What you are describing matches what I saw in the older ST and HE drivers and was fixed initially by me hacking my own driver and eventually fixed in updated ST and HE drivers from Inovelli. Unfortunately, I don’t know anything about HA device handlers and it appears Inovelli does not supply them (supplied by community open source I presume? ) So its certainly plausible that whatever HA driver you have is based on the older ST/HE handlers which had 1 and 3 swapped.
I understand you are convinced this is a different problem, but your symptoms match what I dealt with a year ago. Its not hard to try/test what I am suggesting. Prove me wrong and try swapping the values for parameters 1 and 3 and report back the results